This provides a crucial insight into future induced seismicity hazard mitigation for shale gas development and indicates that potential future developments identify and critically evaluate favorably oriented faults located. Work package 11 suggestions for policy formulation d11. Germany, france, the netherlands, scotland and bulgaria all. Shale gas production a contribution to its appraisal in the context of energy and environment policy statement may 20 nu nr. Shale gas shale oil gboe gboe poland 25 3,3 france 23 4,7 romania 9 0,3 denmark 5 0 uk 4 0,7 netherlands 4 2,9 others 9 1 total 80 12,9 country. Note that shale gas in september 2012 was 35% of the us supply. Fracking likely to result in high emissions sciencedaily.
This webpage has been developed to answer the many questions that people have about shale gas and hydraulic fracturing or fracking. Shale gas all you need to know about shale gas in europe. It is not necessary for europe to be self sufficient in shale gas in order to have a. Shale gas formations are unconventional reservoirs i. Horizontal drilling began in the 1930s, and in 1947 a well was first fracked in the u. Australia the price of extraction 15 china fiveyear strategic plan 16. Shale gas research for europe search and discovery. Shale gas exploration and production key issues and. According to a study on the potential economic impacts of shale gas in spain, the country could become independent of gas imports by 2030, and export gas by 2050. Barnett, marcellus, fayetteville, new albany, antrim, and haynesville. Argument map shale gas production in eu member states.
David cameron has lauded the economic benefits that he says shale gas promises for europe and claimed that it has environmental benefits too. Mares administration eia and prepared by advanced resources international ari. Shale gas is one of the popular conventional energy sources as it emits less carbon compared to other fossil fuels such as coal and hence is expected to become the major fuel replacing coal and other fossil fuels. European shale gas production3 shows how shale gas production in the eu could reduce import dependence. Shale gas, like tight gas or coal bed methane 4, is a form of unconventional natural gas, largely composed of methane and found in shale rock reservoirs deep underground. Economic appraisal of shale gas plays in continental europe. This contrasts with far east asia where natural gas processing supplies less than 1 per cent of lpg supply and refineries contribute about 99 per cent. Pdf shale gas in north america and europe researchgate. Truck journeys for a typical shale well drilling and completion site 112. European unconventional oil and gas assessment euoga. Energy information administration, shale gas will provide half of the united states domestic gas by 2035.
France has some of the largest estimated shale gas reserves in europe. Shale gas production decreases energy imports and thus improves a countrys balance of payments. Permeability refers to the capacity of a porous, sediment, soil or rock in this case to transmit a fluid. Shale gas is the form of natural gas derived from underground shale deposits through hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling. Resource categories when considering the market implications of abundant shale resources, it is important to distinguish between a. This paper explores whether climate policy justifies developing more shale gas and addresses the question of a potential arbitrage between shale gas development and the transition to clean energy.
We construct a hotellinglike model where electricity may be produced by three perfectly substitutable sources. The information provided below explains the basics, including what shale gas is, where its found, why its important, how its. This study focuses on shale gas exploration, because shale gas is the type of unconventional gas most discussed and contentious currently. Felt seismicity associated with shale gas hydraulic fracturing. Can the us shale revolution be duplicated in continental. In the eu, a shale gas revolution appears relatively unlikely, at least for the moment, given europes less favourable geological conditions and its wary public. Shale gas is natural gas there is no difference in its chemical and physical properties. Natural gas prices in japan, the united states and europe, 19802017 dollars per mmbtu.
Nevertheless, some eu member states rich in shale gas, such as poland and the united kingdom, are actively promoting shale gas exploration activities to diversify their energy mix. The main difference between tight gas and shale gas, however, is that tight gas can be found in low permeability sedimentary rocks, such as sandstones, while shale gas rocks are usually impermeable 2 royal dutch shell plc. Much of the technology used in drilling and production of shale gas has been developed on this play. Shale gas production generates knowledge for use in other forms of energy production e. Pdf lobbying shale gas in europe joren selleslaghs. Technically recoverable shale oil and shale gas resources. According to estimates from the international energy agency, shale gas will enable the us to become selfsufficient by 2030. It is important that these are adequately analysed. Role of shale gas production for longterm reduction of co 2 emissions 76 6. Study outlines emission scenarios for shale gas production in europe. Dynamics and drivers of shale gas development in three european.
United states transforming from importer to exporter. The first exploratory wells were drilled in poland, england and germany, among. European shale gas production can improve the regions security of energy supply by increasing the diversification of sources and by offsetting the decline of conventional indigenous gas production. Shale gas and oil production has significantly reduced energy prices in the usa, which in turn has enhanced the competitiveness of us manufacturing. The shale revolution came after major deregulatory changes in the governance of natural gas pricing and distribution. Poland has also been one of the first member states to call on the eu to increase its focus on shale gas, with foreign minister radoslaw sikorski. Faced with declining natural gas production, the federal government invested in many supply alternatives, including the. Three major deregulatory actionsthe 1978 natural gas policy act.
Shale gas was first extracted as a resource in fredonia, new york, in 1821, in shallow, lowpressure fractures. Shale gas in europe brian horsfield1, hansmartin schulz1, ingo kapp1. The development of shale gas deposits has also begun in china and argentina. Pdf on jan 1, 2015, lorenzo cremonese and others published shale gas and fracking in europe find, read and cite all the research you. Probable relevance of unconventional gas production on european gas supply 75 5. Eu production of shale gas could ramp up to 170 billion cubic meters per year, equivalent to a third of eu gas consumption. While many uncertainties make it difficult to predict the future of unconventional.
Shale gas might bring benefits to eu member states, but there are also valid concerns and environmental risks. The spotlight is now on europe, where earlystage exploration is under. Development of shale gas and shale oil in europe september 2016 9 executive summary this report provides an introductory countrypercountry overview of the current status and development of shale gas and shale oil in europe, based on returned questionnaires distributed to the national geological surveys ngs in june 2015 and. Environenviron ment ment shale gas production harms the environment shale gas production and postproduction wells can lead to groundwater contamination. Shale gas can provide energy when renewable energy sources fail to meet peak demand. Role of shale gas extraction in the transition to a lowcarbon economy and the longterm reduction of co 2 emissions 74 5. Also, compared to tight gas and coal bed methane, relatively less experience exists in europe for shale formations as new source of natural gas. The herald tribune declared in august 2008 europe starting search for shale gas. Shale gas and eu energy security european parliament. Composition variety complicates processing plans for us. Increasing activity has also begun in europe in the exploration of possible shale gas deposits. An assessment of 7 shale formations in 41 countries outside the united states. Western europe uncertain future 11 eastern europe hedging bets.
Four questions on shale gas development in europe and the u. After the drake oil well in 1859, however, shale gas production was overshadowed by much larger volumes produced from conventional gas reservoirs in 1996, shale gas wells in the united states produced 0. These estimates are uncertain given the relatively sparse data that currently exist. Shale gas in north america and europe article pdf available in energy science and engineering 41. The country can export knowledge and experience of shale. Any purely technological, technoeconomic and regulatory aspects of shale gas exploitation are beyond the scope of this study. Shale gas and shale oil are currently produced in various basins, mainly in north america. Barnett the barnett shale formation is the grandfather of shale gas plays. The first commercial gas well drilled in the us, in 1821 in fredonia, new york, was a shale gas well producing from the devonian fredonia shale formation. Shale gas exploration and production key issues and responsible business practices guidance note for financiers this guidance note has been produced to assist financial institutions in their internal conversations and decisionmaking with regard to risks and responsible business practices associated with shale gas production. S federal price controls on natural gas led to shortages in the 1970s. Felt seismicity associated with shale gas hydraulic. Shale gas shakes up the world energy markets 2 shale gas the americas perspective 6. We conclude that under assumptions calibrated on existing shale gas production data, it is unlikely that the u.
This scenario could reduce import dependency from about 90% of predicted 2035 demand to about 60%. Eprs shale gas and eu energy security members research service page 5 of 10 ban unconstitutional in june 2014. Also other regions of the world are primed for an extended use of shale gas whereas there are no plans for europe so far. At the same time, in europe, some countries have decided to ban the production of shale oil and shale gas in their. Tim boersma explores four questions on shale gas and tight oil development in europe and the united states. The integrated research on european shale gas started by launching the prominent gas shales in europe project gash in 2009 and slightly earlier in 2008 the geoenergie project geoen. The availability of energy and feedstock from shale gases creates a significant competitive advantage for the us industry. Shale gas production in the united states rises continuously. Pdf on jan 1, 2015, lorenzo cremonese and others published shale gas and fracking in europe find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Shale gas is the term often used to describe both tight gas and shale gas resources. Ghg emissions of shale and tight gas production, distribution and combustion compared to conventional natural gas and coal, extrapolated to. Shale gas development in the united states shale formations across the u.
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